Bridging the Gap How Coordination, Resource Availability, and International Actors Shape Health Supply Chain Effectiveness

Abstract

This study investigated the antecedents of health supply chain effectiveness in
Tanzania. Building on an empirical and theoretical literature review, a model
with direct and moderated effects was developed, where coordination and
resources availability influence the effectiveness of health supply chains, and the
moderating role of international actors on the identified direct path. Data were
collected through a cross-sectional survey of 254 humanitarian organizations in
Tanzania and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling
with SmartPLS4. The results show that the two direct paths—coordination and
resource availability—have a significant and positive influence on health supply
chain effectiveness. Moreover, findings indicate that the role of international
actors significantly and positively moderates the relationship between
coordination and health supply chain effectiveness. The study provides a strong
theoretical contribution, highlighting how Resource Dependency Theory and
Institutional Theory together offer a comprehensive framework for
understanding health supply chain effectiveness in humanitarian logistics,
emphasizing the interconnected roles of coordination, resource availability, and
international actors.